Ali Baba is a popular character from the folk tale “Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves.” He is a wood cutter who stumbled upon a secret treasure chamber owned by thieves. He used the magic phrase “open sesame” to unlock the chamber’s entrance and gain access to the thieves’ treasures. However, this article is not about Ali Baba and his treasures. Instead, we are writing about Alibaba – the Chinese e-commerce giant which listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) last Friday.
Biggest IPO in history
Alibaba made history when its initial public offering (IPO) was priced at $68 per share. This enabled the company to raise $21.8 billion, making it the biggest IPO in world history. This surpassed previous listings of mammoth Chinese banks such as ABC Bank or ICBC Bank, or similarly large IPOs of NTT Mobile in Japan or Visa in the US. Last Friday, Alibaba closed at $93.89 per share, 38 percent higher than its IPO price. At this price, Alibaba is valued at $231 billion, easily making it one of the biggest companies in the world despite being a newcomer to the stock market. Alibaba is owned by Japan’s Softbank (34 percent), Yahoo (23 percent) and Jack Ma, the company’s chairman and founder (8.9 percent).
Open Sesame
Alibaba is China’s biggest e-commerce company. Launched in 1999, Alibaba now controls 80 percent of the Chinese e-commerce market. In a nutshell, the company connects Chinese sellers and buyers to the rest of the world. The following are Alibaba’s three main online platforms:
1) Taobao is China’s largest online shopping destination. It is a website that would probably be comparable to eBay, allowing customers to buy and sell directly from other customers.
2) Tmall is a platform that allows international brands to sell their products directly to Chinese customers.
3) Alibaba.com is the world’s largest online wholesale trading platform for small businesses. Through this website, small businesses can buy or sell almost anything from other small businesses.
A related company to Alibaba is Alipay, practically China’s version of Paypal. Considering this, Alibaba is actually the Chinese version of eBay, Amazon and Paypal all rolled into one. The total value of transactions on its online sites amounted to $248 billion last year, more than eBay and Amazon combined. Alibaba’s revenues come from advertisements placed on its websites as well as from fees that are generated as a percentage of transaction volume.
According to the company’s website, the name Alibaba brings to mind the words “open sesame.” This is an allusion to the phrase that opened the treasure den for the folk tale character Ali Baba. However, in Alibaba ‘s case, the phrase represents how the internet giant’s platforms open a doorway to fortune for small businesses in China and elsewhere in the world.
Crazy Jack
Alibaba’s ingenious business model and catchy name is clearly a reflection of its founder and chairman’s colorful personality. Jack Ma is a former English teacher who did not have a degree from pedigreed Western schools. Moreover, despite being the founder of one of the most successful tech ventures of all time, Ma does not have coding experience, nor does he consider himself tech savvy. Despite these obvious handicaps and repeated failures early in life, Ma would not be deterred. In 1999, Ma started Alibaba in his apartment with 17 of his friends, with a mission to connect China to the rest of the world via e-commerce.
Because of his scrawny build, many might be surprised to discover that Ma is a self-confessed martial arts fanatic. This kind of philosophy and discipline contributed to shaping his thinking and values, thereby influencing the company’s strategy and execution over the past years. And in the company’s 10th year anniversary, just as everyone was focused on how Ma would address his employees, he pulled off a surprise. Wearing a Mohican wig and dressed in a funky leather costume, Ma sang Elton John’s “Can You Feel the Love Tonight?” to a jampacked audience full of his employees.
It is because of this unique, quirky and charismatic personality that people have started to call him “Crazy Jack.” Crazy or not, Ma’s creativity and ingenuity have already made him the richest man in China and the 2nd richest in Asia.
Crocodiles of the Yangtze River
Even as Alibaba was starting, Ma had often shared his long-term vision with his first employees. He clearly told them that their competitors are not the ones in China but are instead the innovators from California’s Silicon Valley. Though Alibaba initially faced handicaps in terms of size, scale and funding compared to its well-entrenched competitors, Ma never backed away from the challenge. In going up against tech giant eBay, Ma eloquently said, “If eBay are the sharks in the ocean, we are the crocodiles of the Yangtze river.” It is this willingness to take on bigger competitors that drove Alibaba to come up with inventive solutions that connected China to the rest of the world.
BABA going up
Alibaba listed in the NYSE using the ticker “BABA.” In Filipino, “baba” means two things – it as a reference to one’s chin or jawline and it is also an adjective or noun denoting direction, i.e. down, downward or downstairs. The former can be used by Filipinos to refer to Jack Ma’s prominent jawline, one of the main facial features that one would notice upon seeing him. The latter may actually be harder to connect, as the stock was up sharply on its opening day.
Alibaba boasts of ~40 percent revenue growth and ~50 percent margins, thereby driving explosive profit growth. It is a classic “toll road” business, similar to the likes of wildly successful companies such as Google, Mastercard and Visa. Moreover, Alibaba is a direct play on two strong trends in China – growing internet penetration and rising domestic consumption.
Considering these, the future is bright for Alibaba. Hence, we do not discount the possibility that in the future, Alibaba may overtake bigger and more established stocks to become the most valuable franchise in the world. Most probably, this BABA is one that will keep going up.
An Alibaba in the Philippine stock market
Alibaba is undoubtedly an admirable success story. When we look at Alibaba, we hope that our country will also find its own Alibaba story. We look forward to the time when there would be a local IPO that can be comparable to Alibaba in terms of size, attractiveness and growth potential. A Filipino company like this would capture everyone’s attention and may increase the visibility of the Philippine stock market, attract more global investors and entice the local public to participate more in the stock market.
More big-ticket IPOs
While the country has seen some very successful local IPOs over the past few years, we believe that the government and our regulators can do more to encourage more big-ticket listings in the stock market. For one, the impending moves by the Congress through charter change to raise or remove foreign ownership limits in sectors such as property, utilities, telcos, media, infrastructure and banking will encourage the entry of bigger and more established foreign companies. If this is pursued, mandating these foreign companies that will operate in the country to list in our stock market may be a sensible requirement.
Big multinationals listing in the PSE
We also believe that the government and the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) should strongly encourage big multinational companies such as Shell, Nestle, Unilever and P&G that are already operating in the Philippines to list in our stock market. Moreover, foreign companies operating in the country that have received various incentives and perks from the Board of Investments (BOI) should also be mandated to list locally. Since these foreign companies are already operating in Philippine soil, it is just fair that we require them to be represented in our stock market. Doing this will widen sector representation and deepen our stock market. Aside from providing more investment options to global investors, this will also allow local small investors to invest in solid, reputable and profitable multinational companies that are operating in the country. These will lead to a bigger stock market which hopefully will enjoy increased participation and interest from local retail investors. We believe that this is a feasible win-win scenario that will benefit everyone concerned.
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